What does the root "nephro/o" refer to in medical terminology?

The root "nephro/o" refers to the kidney in medical terminology. This term is derived from the Greek word "nephros," meaning kidney. It is commonly used in various medical terms related to the kidneys, such as nephrology, which is the branch of medicine focused on kidney function and diseases, and nephrectomy, which is the surgical removal of a kidney. Understanding this root is essential for interpreting medical terms related to renal health and disorders, as it provides a clear indication of the organ involved in the discussion.